What is Arthroscopy?

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that is used to diagnose and treat problems within a joint. It involves the use of a small, specialized camera called an arthroscope, which is inserted through a small incision in the skin and into the joint.

During the arthroscopy procedure, the arthroscope allows the surgeon to visualize the inside of the joint in real-time, providing a clear view of the joint surfaces, cartilage, ligaments, and other structures. The arthroscope can also be used to perform surgical procedures, such as repairing or removing damaged tissue or bone spurs.

Arthroscopy is commonly used to diagnose and treat a variety of joint problems, including:

• Torn cartilage or ligaments: Arthroscopy can be used to repair or remove torn cartilage or ligaments in the knee, shoulder, ankle, or other joints.
• Loose bodies: Sometimes, small pieces of bone or cartilage can break off and float around in the joint, causing pain and stiffness. Arthroscopy can be used to remove these loose bodies.
• Arthritis: Arthroscopy can be used to remove damaged tissue in the joint or to smooth roughened joint surfaces, which can help reduce pain and improve joint function.
• Rotator cuff tears: Arthroscopy can be used to repair tears in the rotator cuff, which is a group of muscles and tendons that help stabilize the shoulder joint.

Arthroscopy is usually performed on an outpatient basis, which means that the patient can go home on the same day as the procedure. The procedure is typically performed under local or general anesthesia, depending on the joint being treated and the individual’s preference.

During the procedure, the surgeon will make one or more small incisions in the skin around the joint being treated. A sterile saline solution is then injected into the joint to help expand it and provide a clear view. The arthroscope is then inserted through one of the incisions and the images from the camera are displayed on a monitor in the operating room.

Depending on the procedure being performed, the surgeon may use other specialized instruments, such as forceps or scissors, to repair or remove damaged tissue. Once the procedure is complete, the arthroscope and other instruments are removed, and the incisions are closed with sutures or adhesive strips.

Recovery from arthroscopy is usually faster and less painful than traditional open surgery. Most individuals can resume normal activities within a few days to a week after the procedure, although recovery time may vary depending on the extent of the procedure and the individual’s overall health.

Complications from arthroscopy are rare, but can include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and blood clots. However, these risks are generally low, and the benefits of arthroscopy in diagnosing and treating joint problems typically outweigh the risks.

In conclusion, arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that is used to diagnose and treat problems within a joint. It involves the use of a small, specialized camera called an arthroscope, which is inserted through a small incision in the skin and into the joint. Arthroscopy is commonly used to diagnose and treat a variety of joint problems, and is usually performed on an outpatient basis with minimal recovery time. While there are risks associated with any surgical procedure, complications from arthroscopy are generally rare and the benefits typically outweigh the risks.