What is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is a part of the immune system. The lymphatic system is composed of lymph nodes and vessels, which help filter and transport lymphatic fluid throughout the body. In NHL, abnormal cells form in the lymphatic system and grow uncontrollably, leading to the development of tumors.
NHL can affect people of all ages, but it is most commonly diagnosed in people over the age of 60. There are several subtypes of NHL, each with its own unique features and characteristics. Some common subtypes of NHL include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and marginal zone lymphoma.
The exact cause of NHL is unknown, but there are several factors that may increase a person’s risk of developing the disease. These include exposure to certain chemicals, such as herbicides and insecticides, a weakened immune system, exposure to radiation, and a family history of the disease.
The symptoms of NHL can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, as well as the type of NHL. Some common symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, fever, night sweats, and itching. In some cases, NHL can also cause abdominal pain, cough, and difficulty breathing.
Diagnosing NHL typically involves a series of tests, including a physical exam, imaging tests, and a biopsy. A biopsy is the most definitive way to diagnose NHL, as it involves removing a sample of the suspicious tissue for examination under a microscope.
Treatment for NHL depends on several factors, including the type of NHL, the stage of the disease, and the person’s overall health. Some common treatments for NHL include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. In some cases, a stem cell transplant may also be recommended.
In addition to medical treatment, there are several lifestyle changes that can help manage the symptoms of NHL and improve overall health. These include maintaining a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and reducing stress. In some cases, complementary therapies, such as acupuncture and massage, may also be helpful in managing symptoms and improving overall quality of life.
In conclusion, non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system. The exact cause of NHL is unknown, but there are several factors that may increase a person’s risk of developing the disease. Symptoms of NHL can vary depending on the type and location of the tumor, but can include enlarged lymph nodes, unexplained weight loss, and fatigue. Diagnosing NHL typically involves a series of tests, including a biopsy, and treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. In addition to medical treatment, lifestyle changes and complementary therapies can also help manage the symptoms of NHL and improve overall health.