What is Uterine Cancer?

Uterine cancer, also known as endometrial cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. The uterus is a reproductive organ that is located in the female pelvis and is responsible for supporting the growth and development of a fetus during pregnancy.

Uterine cancer is the most common type of cancer that affects the female reproductive system, and it is estimated to affect approximately 1 in 37 women in the United States. The exact causes of uterine cancer are not well understood, but there are several risk factors that have been associated with an increased risk of developing the disease.

One of the main risk factors for uterine cancer is age. The risk of developing uterine cancer increases with age, and the majority of cases are diagnosed in women over the age of 50. Other risk factors for uterine cancer include obesity, a history of infertility or infertility treatments, hormonal imbalances, exposure to estrogen therapy, and a family history of the disease.

There are two main types of uterine cancer: endometrial carcinoma and uterine sarcoma. Endometrial carcinoma is the most common type of uterine cancer and begins in the endometrium, while uterine sarcoma begins in the muscle and connective tissue of the uterus.

Symptoms of uterine cancer can vary depending on the stage and type of the disease, but some of the most common symptoms include unusual vaginal bleeding, discharge, or spotting, pelvic pain or discomfort, and pain during intercourse.

Diagnosis of uterine cancer typically begins with a physical exam, including a pelvic exam, and may be followed by imaging tests such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scan. A biopsy of the endometrial tissue may also be performed to confirm the presence of cancer.

Treatment for uterine cancer depends on the stage and type of the disease, but it may include surgical procedures such as hysterectomy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Hormonal therapy, which involves the use of drugs to regulate the levels of hormones in the body, may also be used in some cases.

It is important for women to be aware of the symptoms of uterine cancer and to seek prompt medical attention if they experience any unusual symptoms. Regular gynecological exams, including pelvic exams and pap smears, can also help to detect the disease in its early stages, when it is most treatable.

In conclusion, uterine cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. It is the most common type of cancer that affects the female reproductive system and is estimated to affect approximately 1 in 37 women in the United States. Risk factors for uterine cancer include age, obesity, hormonal imbalances, and a history of infertility or infertility treatments. Symptoms of the disease can include unusual vaginal bleeding, discharge, or spotting, pelvic pain or discomfort, and pain during intercourse. Early detection and prompt treatment are important for the successful treatment of uterine cancer.